In an automatic transmission, what is the effect of a higher gear ratio?

A higher gear ratio in an automatic transmission is designed to enhance acceleration. When a vehicle is in a higher gear, the transmission allows for greater wheel speed relative to engine speed, which means the engine can operate at a more efficient RPM for improved power output. This effectively increases the vehicle's ability to accelerate more quickly from a stationary position or increase speed while driving.

In the context of transmission mechanics, a higher gear ratio means that the engine can multiply its torque to the wheels more effectively, thus providing the potential for faster acceleration. It is important to note that while higher gears facilitate acceleration, they also play a crucial role in fuel efficiency during steady-state cruising by allowing the vehicle to maintain lower engine RPMs.

The other options do not align with the primary function of a higher gear ratio in terms of performance dynamics. For example, while higher gear ratios can affect fuel consumption, they are generally more efficient than lower gears during cruising, especially at higher speeds. Similarly, vehicle stability is influenced by various factors, including design and load distribution, rather than directly by gear ratio alone. Finally, engine power output is effectively utilized in higher gear ratios for acceleration, rather than being reduced.